Faith & Fortitude: Mary Jane's Story Concludes

 

The read this series of posts from the beginning, click here: https://myleavesonthetree.blogspot.com/2025/03/from-buffalo-to-evans-new-york-mary.html.

 
As Mary Jane Sheridan Cassidy navigated the waters of widowhood and single parenting after her husband Philip’s death, she likely relied on her faith to hold her family together and to provide a framework to her life. It was still her job as a Catholic parent to be the first teacher of her children and she no doubt felt a keen responsibility for their faith lives. 

 

Coming of the Christian Brothers

One outside force which might have helped her in this regard were the Christian Brothers, a Catholic religious order which was founded by Jean Baptiste de La Salle in 1680 in France.¹ The Brothers arrived to minister in St. Catharines, Ontario, in 1876, just a few years after Philip’s death, and took over a parish school there. The Brothers focused on education, and they trained their pupils to be faithful Catholics, good Canadians, and upstanding, moral men.²

The Christian Brothers, devoted to teaching, were founded by St. Jean Baptiste de La Salle, pictured center.

With no adult men in her household, Mary Jane may have looked to the Brothers as examples for her fatherless sons, who ranged in age from about 16 to 6 when the order arrived. The pious, black-cassocked men would have commanded the respect and admiration of those they taught. And they offered young men a different option to marriage, fatherhood, single life, or the priesthood.³

This was a time when having a son or daughter enter religious life was highly esteemed by parents and the larger community. At least one of Mary Jane’s sons, John Patrick, was directly influenced by the Christian Brothers, so much so that he eventually joined the order himself, leaving to study with them in Montreal when he was sixteen years old.⁴ Though it may have pained her to be separated from her son, Mary Jane must have considered it a blessing and felt relief that he had a secure path in life.

A Family Changed

Mary Jane watched the face of her family alter dramatically in the first half of the 1880s. She moved her family from the Cassidy farm that had been her home since about 1860 into nearby St. Catharines, where her parents and brothers now lived.⁵ She was nearby to comfort her mother when Henry, her father, passed away about 1881.⁶ He was quickly followed by her brother, Henry, a sailor, who fell from the mast of a ship in neighboring Port Dalhousie, and instantly died in June 1882.⁷ Mary Jane also mourned the loss of her dear sister-in-law, Eliza Saul, who had been such a large part of her life in Grantham.⁸

Mary Jane was probably also looking to the future. With sons growing into men, she may have considered that the move would bring them closer to occupational opportunities. Her eldest sons were already employed and likely contributed to the household expenses. Charles—then 20 years old—was beginning his life’s work as a blacksmith, while Daniel, 18, and Philip, 16, worked as laborers.⁹

Mary Jane also welcomed two new members to the family, when her niece, Eliza, married Charles Connolly, and her own Charles wed Maria Jane Darah, on the very same day, 20 June 1883, at the Cathedral of St. Catherine of Alexandria in St. Catharines.¹⁰

Throughout all the changes, a constant in Mary Jane’s life seemed to be the Catholic Church. Each Sunday and holy day she and her children dressed in their best clothes. She and young Mary Jane would drape their heads with a proper covering as was required at the time of women. She may have tucked a prayer book or rosary into a small reticule before walking to Mass with her daughter and sons.¹¹ Did she look on in gratitude as Charles, his wife Maria, and their young daughter, Kate, attended services at the same church—a blossoming of the seed of faith she had planted?¹²

There were likely other Catholic touchpoints in Mary Jane’s life. Like most families, she probably hung a crucifix prominently in her home. She likely ensured that her family attended Confession regularly, abstained from meat on Fridays, and shared devotions such as the rosary frequently. Her own prayers likely turned often to her son, John, away in Montreal beginning his own life of devotion to the Church, and to her husband, Philip, and son, Martin, awaiting her in heaven as she prayed for their souls.

 

Mary Jane and her family may have prayed the rosary in devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary.

Move to Cleveland

In a life filled with migrations, Mary Jane made one more, traveling back to the United States to Cleveland, Ohio, on the south shore of Lake Erie. She moved with her sons, Philip and James in late 1890 or early 1891.¹³ They first settled on the city’s near west side on Literary Road in the Tremont neighborhood, which had drawn a diverse array of immigrants, including the Irish, Germans, Poles, Greeks, and Serbians, among others.¹⁴ Here, Philip was a train brakeman, and James was a helper on the same railroad.¹⁵ In 1892, Mary Jane’s only daughter married John H. Kelly, who possibly worked on the same railroad as her sons. John and Mary Jane wed at St. Augustine Catholic Church, just a few short blocks from her mother’s new home.¹⁶

A Tremont neighborhood store around the time Mary Jane lived there.

Mary Jane faced even more changes as the 1890s wore on. She moved with her sons, Philip and James, to 86 Noyes Street, also in Tremont. By 1898, both Philip and James were employed as brakemen on the railroad, possibly working alongside their brother-in-law John Kelly, by then an engineer.¹⁷

Another misfortune lurked in the background, however. In August 1898, Mary Jane’s son, James, was killed after he slipped under the wheels while uncoupling two train cars on the Erie Railroad. The accident severed both legs and one arm and 22-year-old James died from shock at St. Alexis Hospital a short time later.¹⁸

How did Mary Jane face another son’s life cut short? Each morning must have brought new pain and crushing sadness as she watched her family diminish in size. And yet, perhaps she also recognized the always evolving nature of life, with its pleasures and its pains, and could take some consolation in the fact that another son married soon afterward. Philip, her third oldest, wed a widow, Joan Witherell, in 1899.¹⁹ As Philip left, daughter Mary Jane and husband John joined Mary Jane in her Noyes St. home.²⁰

Mary Jane's residence at 86 Noyes St. (red box). Noyes is now known as W. 12th St.

It’s likely that Mary Jane keenly watched the lives of her other sons, though from a distance. Perhaps she received letters from Toronto or Renfrew, Ontario, where son John, now Brother Mondolf of Mary, taught at various Christian Brothers’ schools.²¹ He took additional vows every few years to deepen his commitment to his vocation.²² Back in St. Catharines, eldest son, Charles, and wife, Maria, had welcomed three more children into their family, while Charles continued his vocation as a blacksmith.²³ Second son, Daniel, had married Mary Jane Phelan, and had three daughters.²⁴ He did manual labor, sometimes as a carpenter, and other times as a blacksmith, perhaps encouraged or trained by his brother, Charles.²⁵

Mary Jane would yet face two more difficult challenges. In 1912, while visiting family in Cleveland from St. Catharines, another son, Daniel, unexpectedly became ill from a kidney ailment and died about two weeks later.²⁶ The hidden blessing in the event might have been that Mary Jane was able to see him once more before he passed away—and before she would need her remaining family members more than ever.

Facing Mortality

It may have begun around 1915 as just a small lump that Mary Jane, now in her 70s, shrugged off as nothing more than a nuisance. Over time, her symptoms must have progressed, and with a sense of dread in her heart, she likely sought a doctor’s opinion.

Even as early as the 1910s, biopsies were performed on suspect breast tumors to determine whether they were malignant or benign.²⁷ Treatments were scarce, however. In the early 20^th century, the most successful option to treat breast cancer was a radical mastectomy. The surgery involved removing the cancerous breast, pectoral muscles, and axillary glands all the way down to the breastbone. It resulted in disfigurement, pain, and limited mobility.²⁸ With the surgery, thirty to forty percent of women lived another three years or so.²⁹ At a time when many women who suspected they had a cancerous breast tumor waited too long to seek help, and doctors were not as insistent upon early treatment, time was of the essence.³⁰

Mary Jane had “carcinoma of the breast,” for nearly four and a half years—surviving longer than the average patient.³¹ It’s possible, then, that Mary Jane quickly sought treatment, and her physician may have taken a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. And Mary Jane may have made the brave choice to undergo a mastectomy in order to hold on to life a little longer.

After nearly five years, the cancer inevitably returned. Mary Jane fought until she could fight no more and was exhausted.³² Her parish priest probably visited her in her last days, anointed her with holy oil—reminiscent of her baptism—heard her final confession, and gave her Holy Communion. Her family members may have sat close to her bedside, held her hand, prayed for a peaceful end to her suffering, and wept as their mother took her last breaths. Mary Jane died on 18 January 1919.³³

After a Requiem Mass conducted in Latin at St. Thomas Aquinas Catholic Church, Mary Jane was laid to rest in Cleveland’s Calvary Cemetery on 22 January 1919. At her graveside, the black-robed priest offered traditional prayers for the purification of Mary Jane’s soul and its swift journey to heaven. 

Mary Jane's funeral mass was held at St. Thomas Aquinas Church in Cleveland.

Mary Jane was the first of her immediate family not to rest at Victoria Lawn Cemetery in St. Catharines, Ontario. Though her mortal body was laid far from them, she may have wished for her soul to speed to her beloved husband, Philip, and her cherished sons, Martin, James, and Daniel, to await the time when she would welcome the rest of her family home.

Until next time...

 

© Nancy Gilbride Casey, 2025. All rights reserved.

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IMAGES

All images accessed 8 April 2025. Listed in order of post appearance.

Pierre-August Renoir, Woman at a Piano; Rawpixel (https://www.rawpixel.com/image/895002/artwork-pierre-auguste-renoir). In the public domain.

Abnerfedz, San Juan Bautista De la Salle, 13 Feb. 2024; Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SJBDLS.png). Used under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.

GDJ, The Virgin Mary Portrait, 13 April 2019; Openclipart (https://openclipart.org/detail/318328/the-virgin-mary-portrait).

Unknown photographer, "General store, Branch and Jennings Ave. (now West 14th St.)" no date; Experience Tremont History (https://tremonthistory.org/portfolio-items/general-store-branch-ave-w-14th/). Used with permission.

Map image taken from Cleveland Historic Maps (https://www.arcgis.com/apps/View/index.html?appid=ddb0ee6134d64de4adaaa3660308abfd). Noyes Street address noted on an 1898 map with modern street layer overlaid.

St. Thomas Aquinas Parish postcard, 1916; eBay (https://www.ebay.com/itm/356741102979).

 

NOTES

¹ Michael Wilcox, "Brothers of the Christian Schools," 26 Aug. 2009, updated 21 Dec. 2017; The Canadian Encyclopedia (https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/brothers-of-the-christian-schools : accessed 19 Oct. 2024).

² Frères des Écoles chrétiennes du Canada francophone [Christian Brothers of French-speaking Canada], "Brother Mondolf of Mary," biography of John Patrick Cassidy, undated; citing order archives, Laval, Quebec, Ontario, Canada. Also, Michael Wilcox, "Cultivating Conformity and Safeguarding Catholicism: The Christian Brothers and their Schools in Ontario, 1851-1962," doctoral thesis, University of Toronto, 2015, 42, 21.

³ Ibid.

⁴ Frères des Écoles chrétiennes du Canada francophone [Christian Brothers of French-speaking Canada], "Brother Mondolf of Mary," biography of John Patrick Cassidy, undated.

⁵ 1881 Canada Census, Lincoln Co., District 145, Grantham, p. 5, No. 3 Div., line 26, Jane Casady household; imaged, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-DTQQ-8G7 : accessed 16 Jan. 2025); citing Public Archives, Ottawa. Also, Canada, Ontario, County of Lincoln, St. Catharines, 1880 Assessment Roll, p. 22, St. Thomas Ward, #391, Henry Sheriddan, age 82; imaged, "Assessment Rolls, 1890-1899," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-X3CV-7DTG : accessed 22 Feb. 2025); citing Township Assessor. Also, Canada, Ontario, County of Lincoln, St. Catharines, 1880 Assessment Roll, p. 22, St. Thomas Ward, #392, William Sheriddan, age 26; imaged, "Assessment Rolls, 1890-1899," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-X3CV-7DTG : accessed 22 Feb. 2025); citing Township Assessor. 1881 Canada Census, Lincoln Co., District 145, City of St. Catharines, Div. 1, line 20, Catherine Sheridan household; imaged, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-DTQQ-6G5 : accessed 16 Jan. 2025); citing Public Archives, Ottawa

⁶ Canada, Ontario, County of Lincoln, St. Catharines, 1880 Assessment Roll, p. 22, St. Thomas Ward, #391, Henry Sheriddan, age 82. Also, 1881 Canada Census, Lincoln Co., District 145, City of St. Catharines, Div. 1, line 20, Catherine Sheridan household; imaged, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-DTQQ-6G5 : accessed 16 Jan. 2025); citing Public Archives, Ottawa. No death record has yet been found for Henry Sheridan, but he died sometime between when he paid taxes in 1880 and when the 1881 Canada census was taken, where Catherine Sheridan is listed as a widow.

⁷ County of Lincoln, Ontario, Canada, Schedule C. Deaths, Division of Port Dalhousie, p. 309, #919230, Henry Sherridan, sailor, 29 June 1882; database and images, "Canada, Ontario, Deaths, 1869-1937 and Overseas Deaths, 1939-1947," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q93-C9YJ-7WMW-Z : accessed 25 Feb. 2025); citing Registrar General, Archives of Ontario, Toronto.

⁸ Grantham Twp., Lincoln County, Ontario, Canada West, Deeds, book 8, p. 373, No. 3332, Walter Hynes to Mary Ann and Eliza Saul, mortgage, 25 January 1881; imaged, "Land records of Lincoln County, 1847-1909," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C3H2-PSVP-X : accessed 19 February 2025); citing Registrar of Deeds, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. Both Mary Ann and Eliza Saul are noted as spinsters, and Eliza, their mother, usually noted as “senior” in transactions, is not noted in the document. This suggests that she died prior to the execution of this mortgage.

⁹ 1881 Canada Census, Lincoln Co., District 145, Grantham, p. 5, No. 3 Div., line 27, Charles Cassidy in Jane Casady household; imaged, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-DTQQ-8G7 : accessed 16 Jan. 2025); citing Public Archives, Ottawa.

¹⁰ Cathedral of St. Catherine of Alexandria, St. Catharines, Lincoln, Ontario, Canada, Marriages 1858-1910, np, Charles Conly to Eliza Saul, 20 June 1883; imaged, "Ontario Roman Catholic Church Records, 1760-1923," FamilySearch (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61505/records/35165 : accessed 20 Mar 2025); citing St. Catherine's Cathedral, St. Catharines. Also, Cathedral of St. Catherine of Alexandria, St. Catharines, Lincoln, Ontario, Canada, Marriages 1858-1910, np, Chas Cassady to Mara Jane Darrah, 20 June 1883; imaged, "Ontario Roman Catholic Church Records, 1760-1923," FamilySearch (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61505/records/35165 : accessed 8 April 2025); citing St. Catherine's Cathedral, St. Catharines.

¹¹ St. Catherine of Alexandria Catholic Church, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, 1885 parish census, p. 21, Mrs. Cassidy and family; imaged, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YWX-6JZ : accessed 13 Feb. 2025); citing parish records, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. Also, St. Catherine of Alexandria Catholic Church, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, 1885 parish census, p. 101, Mrs. Cassidy and family; imaged, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YWX-6ZG : accessed 13 Feb. 2025); citing parish records, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.

¹² St. Catherine of Alexandria Catholic Church, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, 1885 parish census, p. 100, Chas. Cassidy and family; imaged, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GYWX-69L : accessed 13 Feb. 2025); citing parish records, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.

¹³ St. Catharine, Thorold, and County of Lincoln Directory and Gazetteer, 1887-90 (St. Catharines [Ontario, Canada]: W.H. Irwin & Co., 1887), p. 26, Mrs. Mary Jane Cassidy, George St.; imaged, Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3789/records/1326608 : accessed 2 Feb. 2025). Also, The Cleveland Directory for the Year Ending July 1892 (Cleveland, Ohio: The Cleveland Directory Co., 1891), p. 153, Mary J. Cassidy, wid. Philip, r. 89-1/2 Literary; imaged, Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/3840702 : accessed 2 Feb. 2025). Mary Jane Cassidy appeared in the 1890 St. Catharines directory and the 1891 Cleveland directory, indicating she moved between those two years.

¹⁴ "Tremont," Cleveland and Its Neighborhoods (https://sites.google.com/site/clevelandanditsneighborhoods/cleveland-and-its-neighborhoods-home/the-neighborhoods/tremont  : accessed 5 April 2025), last updated 1 August 2024.

¹⁵ The Cleveland Directory for the Year Ending July 1892 (Cleveland, Ohio: The Cleveland Directory Co., 1891), p. 153, Mary J. Cassidy, wid. Philip, Philip A., and James, r. 89-1/2 Literary; imaged, Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/3840702 : accessed 2 Feb. 2025).

¹⁶ Cuyahoga County, Ohio, marriages 1888-1898, p. 122, John H. Kelly and Mary Cassidy, 21 Sept. 1892; database & images, "Ohio, U.S., County Marriage Records, 1774-1993," Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/61378/images/TH-1-17962-23992-14?pId=903750312 : accessed 27 Feb. 2025); citing County Courthouse, Cleveland. Also, Frequently Asked Questions for Genealogy Research in Cuyahoga County (https://sites.google.com/site/faqcuyahogactyresearch/cleveland-pastors-and-their-churches/cleveland-individual-church-histories/roman-catholic?authuser=0 : accessed 2 April 2025), "Roman Catholic," Rev. John O'Connor, pastor 1888-1906, St. Augustine Church, Cleveland.

¹⁷ The Cleveland Directory for the Year Ending July, 1898 (Cleveland Directory Publishing Company, 1897), p. 556, John H. Kelly, engineer, 86 Noyes; imaged, "U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995," Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2469/records/279263875 : accessed 27 March 2025).

¹⁸ Cuyahoga County, Ohio, Coroner's Inquest No. 4539, James J. Cassidy, 30 Aug. 1898; imaged, "Coroner's Reports, 1833-1902", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F6DP-MRM : accessed 5 April 2025); citing county archives, Cleveland.

¹⁹ Cuyahoga County, Ohio, Marriages, 1893-1902, p. 128, Philip Cassidy and Mrs. Joan Witheral, 27 Sept. 1894; imaged, “Ohio, U.S., County Marriage Records, 1774-1993,” Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/61378/images/TH-1-17963-49121-24 : accessed 6 April 2025); citing County Courthouse, Cleveland.

²⁰ The Cleveland Directory for the Year Ending July, 1899 (Cleveland Directory Publishing Company, 1898), p. 176, Mary J. Cassidy, James J. Cassidy & Philip A. Cassidy, 86 Noyes; imaged, "U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995," Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2469/records/277098080 : accessed 5 April 2025). Ibid, p. 560, John H. Kelley, 86 Noyes; imaged, "U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995," Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2469/records/277098080 : accessed 5 April 2025).

²¹ Frères des Écoles chrétiennes du Canada francophone, "Brother Mondolf of Mary," biography of John Patrick Cassidy, undated

²² Frères des Écoles chrétiennes du Canada francophone, "F-John Cassidy," personal profile, database entries for vows (voeux); citing order archives, Laval, Quebec, Ontario, Canada.

²³ For parent/child links, see FamilySearch Family Tree profile for Charles Francis Cassidy (1860-1926), LR5M-Z3N; FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/en/tree/person/details/LR5M-Z3N : accessed 6 April 2025).

²⁴ For parent/child links, see FamilySearch Family Tree profile for Daniel Ambrose Cassidy (1863-1912), L26Q-Q5P; FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/en/tree/person/details/L26Q-Q5P: accessed 6 April 2025).

²⁵ 1886 City of St. Catharines, Lincoln, Ontario, Canada, tax assessment rolls, St. Patrick Ward, p. 186, Daniel A. Casseday, carpenter ; imaged, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-F3CV-3JHS?lang=en&i=393&cc=4130007 : accessed 9 February 2025); citing St. Catharines Assessor, Ontario. Also, 1901 Canada Census, Lincoln & Niagara County, Ontario, nominal return of living persons, St. Catharines, p. 15, dwelling 156, family 163, Daniel Cassidy household; imaged, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSS1-LQFS-N : accessed 5 March 2025).

²⁶ Ohio Bureau of Vital Statistics, Certificate of Death #47889, Daniel Cassidy, 13 Sept. 1912; imaged, "Ohio Deaths, 1908-1953," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9PJ5-HTK : accessed 8 Jan. 2025); citing Ohio Historical Society, Columbus. Also, "Daniel Cassidy," The Daily Standard [St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada], 13 Sept. 1912, p. 1, col. 2; imaged, Newspapers.com (https://www.newspapers.com/image/774975687/ : accessed 6 April 2025).

²⁷ J.H. Jacobson, M.D., "Cancer of the Breast," The Ohio State Medical Journal, Sept. 1918, p. 524-527; imaged, Google Books (https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Ohio_State_Medical_Journal/D04CAAAAYAAJ : accessed 4 April 2025; citing Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

²⁸ Madeleine Carlson, "Breast Cancer in the Mid-19th Century," Dalnavert Museum and Visitors' Centre, 23 Oct. 2023 (https://www.friendsofdalnavert.ca/blog/2023/10/26/breast-cancer-awareness-month : accessed 4 April 2025).

²⁹ J.H. Jacobson, M.D., "Cancer of the Breast," The Ohio State Medical Journal, Sept. 1918, p. 524-527; imaged, Google Books (https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Ohio_State_Medical_Journal/D04CAAAAYAAJ : accessed 4 April 2025; citing Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

³⁰ Chester H. Waters, M.D., "The Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer," The Nebraska State Medical Journal, Nov. 1917, p. 490-492; imaged, Google Books (https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Nebraska_State_Medical_Journal/-7A5AQAAMAAJ : accessed 4 April 2025); citing University of California.

³¹ Ohio Bureau of Vital Statistics, Certificate of Death #1788, Mary Cassidy, 28 Jan. 1919; imaged, "Ohio Deaths, 1908-1953," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GPJ1-Q6ZH : accessed 7 Jan. 2025); citing Ohio Historical Society, Columbus.

³² Ibid.

³³ Ohio Bureau of Vital Statistics, Certificate of Death #1788, Mary Cassidy, 18 Jan. 1919; imaged, "Ohio Deaths, 1908-1953," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GPJ1-Q6ZH : accessed 7 Jan. 2025); citing Ohio Historical Society, Columbus.